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S 337

A.D. 867. Edgar (? for Æthelred), king, to St Paul's Monastery; grant of 15 hides (mansiones) at Navestock, Essex. Latin

Archive:

London, St Paul's

MSS:

1. London, St Paul's DC., W.D., 1, f. 38r(s. xiii med.)
2. London, St Paul's DC., W.D., 4, ff. 5r-6r(s. xiii)
3. London, St Paul's DC., Liber B(s. xiii; lost)
4. Oxford, Bodleian Library, James 23 (S.C. 3860), p. 33(s. xvii; extract)

Printed:

Gibbs 1939, p. 2 n. 2, ex MS 2, pp. 2-3, ex MS 4; Pierquin, Recueil, pt 5, no. 24; Dugdale, St Paul's (rev. edn), Appendix, pp. 10-11; Kelly, St Paul's, London, pp. 170-172, Transcription of Latin text of the charter; Dugdale, St Paul's, pp. 186-7, ex MS 3; Mon. Angl., iii. 302-3 (no. 8), ex MSS 1, 3; B, 1210, ex MS 1, Dugdale and Kemble; K, 1259

Comments:

Gibbs 1939, p. 2 n. 2; Dumville 1992, p. 5 n. 23, poorly transmitted; Keynes 1998, p. 8; Hart, ECE, no. 9, authentic charter of Æthelred of Wessex, with names of king and archbishop altered; Whitelock, EHD, p. 24 n., charter of Æthelred of Wessex with the king's name altered; Kelly, St Paul's, London, p. 31, Spurious charter claiming to show Edgar as king of Mercia granting land in Essex, p. 47, Document of St Paul's, London forged after the Norman Conquest that purports to be from the Anglo-Saxon period, p. 50, Document preserved in the cartulary Liber L of St Paul's, London, suggesting importance to the community in the High Middle Ages, p. 75, Discussion of the unique nature of this document's forgery, due to the usage of authentic documents from Edgar's reign as models, p. 89, Spurious charter that potentially is based off of genuine 9th century documents, p. 94, Potential evidence of royal grant of property to St Paul's from c. 950-1000, but with certain difficulties in the text, p. 102, Likely spurious document that reveals a property that was removed from the possession of St Paul's between 1000-1066, p. 104, Forged diploma possibly intended to grant St Paul's stronger claims to lands in Essex granted to them after the Norman Conquest, p. 115, Evidence of Bishop Deorwulf of London, pp. 172-174, Discussion of charter as spurious, its being modelled of a charter of King Aethelred of Wessex, whose name was exchanged with King Edgar, the details regarding St Paul's ownership of the property of Navestock, the likely dating of it to 957-958; Pratt, Alfred, pp. 38, 70 n. 42, on mention of payment; Hart 1987a, pp. 60, 78 n. 6; Whitelock 1979, pp. 85, 96 n. 46; O'Donovan 1973, p. 96; Keynes 1993a, p. 129, on witnesses; John 1955, p. 144; Stevenson 1904, p. 229 n. 4, a blundered charter, some witnesses seem to come from a genuine charter of c. 868; Robertson, Charters, p. 390; Stevenson 1894, authentic charter of Æthelred of Wessex

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    • In nomine Dei summi, ipsoque inperpetuum Domino nostro Iesu Christo regnante ac disponente ubique omnia sceptra quoque regalia temporaliter gubernanda distribuerit, accommodauerit cui uult. Unde ego Eadgærus rex, rogatus quidem ab episcopo meo Deorwulfo et principe meo Ealdredo, ut aliquam partem terre liberam darem inperpetuum in monasterium sancti Pauli apostoli doctoris gentium, id est .xv. mansiones in loco qui uocitatur Næsingstoc, et michi collato digno precio, id est .lx. mancas in auro puro, et nunc ego Eadgærus rex, cum consilio atque consensu episcoporum meorum et sapientium meorum, precipio in Dei omnipotentis nomine ut hec supradicta terra sit liberata ab omni tributo regali uectigali, siue notis siue ignotis, maioris uel minoris, quamdiu christiana fides in terra seruatur. Si quis hanc benedictionem largitatis augere Deo uoluerit, sua bona in celesti regno augeantur et multiplicentur. Et qui hanc donationem meam temptauerit frangere aut diminuere, anathema sit marenatha in die iudicii ante tribunal Christi, nisi ante cum satisfactione emendauerit. Actum est autem anno ab incarnatione Domini nostri Iesu Christi .dccclxvii. indictione .xv. <+> Ego Eadgarus rex hanc cartulam signo sancte crucis Christi corroboraui et confirmaui, consentiens et subscripsi, et ceteros testes idoneos ut idipsum agerent adhibui quorum nomina infra scripta sunt. Ego Odo archiepiscopus consensi et subscripsi. Ego Wulfhære dux. Beorhtuulf dux. Drihtwald dux. Ego Ealhferd episcopus consensi et subscripsi. Ego Mucel dux. Eastmund dux. Ego Heahmund episcopus consensi et subscripsi. Ego Æðeluulf dux. Ælfred dux. Ego Deoruulf episcopus consensi et subscripsi. Ego Ealdred dux. Ælfstan dux. Garuulf minister. Ægbærht minister. Ægfreð minister. Æla minister. Æðelfred minister. Ealhheard abbas. Wulfhelm minister. Acca minister. Wynsige minister. Æðelward presbyter. Æðelstan presbyter. Wulfred dux. Wærfred abbas.
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    Translation

    • In the name of God the supreme and our Lord Jesus Christ himself ruling forever and arranging everywhere all dominions and where He might distribute kingdoms to be governed for a time [and] lend [them] to whom He wishes. [The Latin in this initial sentence is confused.] Wherefore, I, King Edgar, asked indeed by my bishop, Deorwulf, and my princeps, Ealdred, to give a free portion of land in perpetuity to the monastery of St Paul the apostle, teacher of the gentiles, that is, 15 hides in the place that is called Navestock, and a worthy payment having been made to me, that is, 60 mancuses in pure gold, even now I, King Edgar, with the advice and agreement of my bishops and my witan, direct in the name of Almighty God that this aforementioned land be freed from every allotted royal impost, whether known or unknown, greater or lesser, as long as the Christian faith be preserved in the land. If anyone should wish to increase this blessing of generosity to God, may his boons in the heavenly kingdom be increased and multiplied. And he who might attempt to destroy or diminish this gift of mine, may he be cursed on the Day of Judgment before the judgment-seat of Christ, unless he should make amends beforehand through penance. This moreover was executed in the year from the incarnation of our Lord Jesus Christ 867 [sic], indiction 15. <+> I, Edgar, king, corroborated and confirmed this charter with the sign of the holy cross of Christ, agreeing, and I subscribed, and I invited other suitable witnesses to do the same whose names have been written below. I, Oda, archbishop [of Canterbury], agreed and subscribed. I, Wulfhere, dux. Beorhtwulf, dux. Dryhtwald, dux. I, Ealhfrith, bishop [of Winchester], agreed and subscribed. I, Mucel, dux. Eastmund, dux. I, Heahmund, bishop [of Sherborne], agreed and subscribed. I, Æthelwulf, dux. Alfred, dux. I, Deorwulf, bishop [of London], agreed and subscribed.. I, Ealdred, dux. Ælfstan, dux. Garwulf, minister. Ecgberht, minister. Ecgfrith, minister. Ælla, minister. Æthelfrith, minister. Ealhheard, abbot. Wulfhelm, minister. Acca, minister. Wynsige, minister. Æthelweard, priest. Æthelstan, priest. Wulfred, dux. Wærfrith, abbot.
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    Old Text

    • In nomine Dei summi ipsoque in perpetuum Domino nostro Iesu Christo regnante ac disponente ubique omnia sceptra quoque regalia temporaliter gubernanda distribuerit accommodauerit cui uult. Unde ego Eadgærus rex, rogatus quidem ab episcopo meo Deorwulfo et principe meo Ealdredo ut aliquam partem terre liberam darem imperpetuum in monasterium sancti Pauli apostoli doctoris gentium, id est .xv. mansiones in loco qui uocitatur Næsingstoc, et michi collato digno pretio, id est .lx. <<mancusas> in auro puro, et nunc ego Eadgarus rex, cum consilio atque consensu episcoporum meorum et sapientium meorum, precipio in Dei omnipotentis nomine ut hec supradicta terra sit liberata ab omni tributo regali uectigali, siue notis siue ignotis, maioris uel minoris, quamdiu Christiana fides in terra seruatur. Si quis hanc benedictionem largitatis augere deo uoluerit, sua bona in celesti regno augeantur et multiplicentur. Et qui hanc donationem meam temptauerit frangere aut diminuere, anathema sit marenatha in die iudicii ante tribunal Christi, nisi ante cum satisfactione emendauerit. Actum est autem anno ab incarnatione Domini nostri Iesu Christi .dccclxvii. indictione .xv. Ego Eadgarus rex hanc cartulam signo sancte crucis Christi corroboraui et confirmaui, consentiens et subscripsi, et ceteros testes idoneos ut idipsum agerent adhibui quorum nomina infra scripta sunt. Ego Odo archiepiscopus consensi et subscripsi. Ego Wulfhære dux. + Beorhtuulf dux. Drihtwald dux. Ego Ealhferd episcopus consensi et subscripsi. Ego Mucel dux. Eastmund dux. Ego Heahmund episcopus consensi et subscripsi. Ego Æ∂eluulf dux. Ælfred dux. Ego Deoruulf episcopus consensi et subscripsi. Ego Ealdred dux. Ælfstan dux. Garuulf minister. Ægbærht minister. Ægfre∂ minister. Æla minister. Æ∂elfred minister. Ealhheard abbas. Wulfhelm minister. Acca minister. Wynsige minister. Æ∂elward presbiter. Æ∂elstan presbiter. Wulfred dux. Wærfred abbas.