S:
K:
B:
S 1243
Probably A.D. 1041 x 1064. Writ of Gospatric declaring that Thorfynn mac Thore shall be free in respect of all things that are Gospatric's in Allerdale, Cumberland, and that the men dwelling with Thorfynn at Cardew and Cumdivock shall be free. English
Archive:
uncertain
MSS:
1. Earl of Lonsdale, Lowther Castle muniment room(s. xiii; Liebermann 1903, facing p. 280; Ragg 1917, facing p. 207; PN Cumb., iii, facing p. xxvi)
Printed:
Woodman, Northern Houses, p. 370-371, Transcription of the Old English text of the charter
Translated:
Woodman, Northern Houses, p. 371, Translation from Old English into Modern English of the charter's text
Printed and Translated:
Harmer, Writs, no. 121 (pp. 423-4)
Comments:
Woodman, Northern Houses, p. 18, Writ from Lowther Castle that is likely an authentic copy, however with some corruptions and revisions, p. 222, Charter from the 11th century that shows signs of local production, like S 1067, p. 363-367, Discussion of writ as critical for understanding Northwestern England in the Early Middle Ages, it likely dating from the late 11th century, the insight it gives into understanding the social and geopolitical dynamics of this region, its similarities and differences to English writs at large, and the archive of Lowther Castle in which it was preserved, p. 371-378, Discussion of the document's linguistic intermixing, the debated identity of the "Gospatric" mentioned in it, its fundamentally authentic, if modified, nature, its textual and visual features, it similarities and differences with contemporary writs, the people mentioned in it and their ethnic backgrounds, and the bounds of the properties of concern; Hart, ECNE, no. 134, authentic; Stenton 1970, p. 217 n. 1; Pelteret 1995, pp. 279-80; Harmer, Writs, pp. 419-23, 531-6, based on authentic material; Stenton 1971, pp. 419, 503 n. 1, cited; Breeze 1992, on Northumbrian borrowing of term for retainer from Cumbric; Davis 1905
Show all data
-
Metadata
Old Text
- Gospatrik greot ealle mine wassenas & hyylkun mann freo & ∂renge ˇeo woonnan on eallun ˇam landann ˇeo weoron Combres & eallun mine kynling freondlycc. & ic cy∂e eoy ˇæt myne mynna/ is & full leof ˇæt Thorfynn mac Thore beo swa freo on eallan ∂ynges ˇeo beo myne on Alnerdall swa ænyg mann beo, o∂er ic o∂er ænyg myne wassenas, on weald, on frey∂, on heyninga, & æt ællun ∂yngan ˇeo by eor∂e boenand & ∂eoron∂er, to Shauk, to Wafyr, to poll Wa∂oen, to bek Troyte & ˇeo weald æt Caldebek. & ic wille ˇæt ˇeo mann bydann mi∂ Thorfynn æt Car∂eu & Combe∂eyfoch beo swa freals my∂ hem swa Melmor & Thore & Sygoolf weoron on Eadread dagan. & ne beo neann mann swa ∂eorif ˇehat mi∂ ˇæt ic heobbe gegyfene to hem neghar brech seo gyrth ∂yylc Eorl Syward & ic hebbe gety∂et hem se frelycc swa ænyg mann leofand ˇeo welkynn ∂eoron∂er. & loc hyylkun by ˇar by∂ann geyldfreo beo swa ic by & swa Willann, Wall∂eof & Wygande & Wyberth & Gamell & Kunyth & eallun mine kynling & wassenas. & ic wille ˇæt Thorfynn heobbe soc & sac, toll & theam, ofer eallun ˇam landan on Car∂eu & on Combedeyfoch ˇæt weoron gyfene Thore on Moryn dagan freols my∂ bode & wytnesmann on ˇy ylk stow.